Sysadmin Journey

Ubuntu – Extend LVM partition and disk

Monday, 13 November 2023

Extending an LVM (Logical Volume Manager) partition and disk in Ubuntu involves the following steps:

df -h
# display all disks and partitions
sudo lsblk

# Extend sda 3 partition to use all available space
sudo growpart /dev/sda3

# Extend the PV (Physical Volume) where the LVM disk is located
sudo pvresize /dev/sda3

# Extend LV Disk
sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv

# Extend filesystem in LV to make disk space available
sudo resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv

Linux (Debian/Ubuntu) unattended-upgrades

Monday, 13 November 2023
The purpose of unattended-upgrades is to keep the computer current with the latest security (and other) updates automatically.
```
sudo apt install unattended-upgrades
sudo dpkg-reconfigure -plow unattended-upgrades
```

Installation of Docker and Docker Compose via a Simple Script

Friday, 10 November 2023

https://gitlab.com/bmcgonag/docker_installs/-/raw/main/install_docker_nproxyman.sh

chmod +x ./install_docker_nproxyman.sh

./install_docker_nproxyman.sh

Checkout the full Script content

#!/bin/bash
installApps()
{
    clear
    OS="$REPLY" ## <-- This $REPLY is about OS Selection
    echo "We can install Docker-CE, Docker-Compose, NGinX Proxy Manager, and Portainer-CE."
    echo "Please select 'y' for each item you would like to install."
    echo "NOTE: Without Docker you cannot use Docker-Compose, NGinx Proxy Manager, or Portainer-CE."
    echo "       You also must have Docker-Compose for NGinX Proxy Manager to be installed."
    echo ""
    echo ""
    ISACT=$( (sudo systemctl is-active docker ) 2>&1 )
    ISCOMP=$( (docker-compose -v ) 2>&1 )
    #### Try to check whether docker is installed and running - don't prompt if it is
    if [[ "$ISACT" != "active" ]]; then
        read -rp "Docker-CE (y/n): " DOCK
    else
        echo "Docker appears to be installed and running."
        echo ""
        echo ""
    fi
    if [[ "$ISCOMP" == *"command not found"* ]]; then
        read -rp "Docker-Compose (y/n): " DCOMP
    else
        echo "Docker-compose appears to be installed."
        echo ""
        echo ""
    fi
    read -rp "NGinX Proxy Manager (y/n): " NPM
    read -rp "Navidrome (y/n): " NAVID
    read -rp "Portainer-CE (y/n): " PTAIN
    read -rp "Remotely - Remote Desktop Support (y/n): " REMOTELY
    read -rp "Guacamole - Remote Desktop Protocol in the Browser (y/n): " GUAC
    if [[ "$PTAIN" == [yY] ]]; then
        echo ""
        echo ""
        PS3="Please choose either Portainer-CE or just Portainer Agent: "
        select _ in \
            " Full Portainer-CE (Web GUI for Docker, Swarm, and Kubernetes)" \
            " Portainer Agent - Remote Agent to Connect from Portainer-CE" \
            " Nevermind -- I don't need Portainer after all."
        do
            PORT="$REPLY"
            case $REPLY in
                1) startInstall ;;
                2) startInstall ;;
                3) startInstall ;;
                *) echo "Invalid selection, please try again..." ;;
            esac
        done
    fi
    startInstall
}
startInstall() 
{
    clear
    echo "#######################################################"
    echo "###         Preparing for Installation              ###"
    echo "#######################################################"
    echo ""
    sleep 3s
#######################################################
###           Install for Arm64 / Raspbian          ###
#######################################################
    if [[ "$OS" == "7" ]]; then
        echo "    1. Installing System Updates..."
        (sudo apt update  && sudoa apt upgrade -y) > ~/docker-script-install.loc 2>&1 &
        ## Show a spinner for activity progress
        pid=$   # Process ID of the previous running command
        spin='-\|/'
        i=0
        while kill -0 $pid 2>/dev/null
        do
            i=$(( (i+1) %4 ))
            printf "\r${spin:$i:1}"
            sleep .25
        done
        printf "\r"
        echo "    2. Install Prerequisite Packages..."
        (sudo apt install curl wget git -y) >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        ## Spinner time...
        pid=$   # Process ID of the previous running command
        spin='-\|/'
        i=0
        while kill -0 $pid 2>/dev/null
        do
            i=$(( (i+1) %4 ))
            printf "\r${spin:$i:1}"
            sleep .25
        done
        printf "\r"
        if [[ "$ISACT" != "active" ]]; then
            echo "    3. Installing Docker-CE (Community Edition)..."
            sleep 2s
            curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | sh >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            # Time to spin
            pid=$   # Process ID of the previous running command
            spin='-\|/'
            i=0
            while kill -0 $pid 2>/dev/null
            do
                i=$(( (i+1) %4 ))
                printf "\r${spin:$i:1}"
                sleep .25
            done
            printf "\r"
            echo "      - docker-ce version is now:"
            DOCKERV=$(docker -v)
            echo "          "${DOCKERV}
            sleep 3s
            if [[ "$OS" == 2 ]]; then
                echo "    5. Starting Docker Service"
                sudo systemctl docker start >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            fi
        fi
    fi
#######################################################
###           Install for Debian / Ubuntu           ###
#######################################################
    if [[ "$OS" == [234] ]]; then
        echo "    1. Installing System Updates... this may take a while...be patient. If it is being done on a Digial Ocean VPS, you should run updates before running this script."
        (sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y) > ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1 &
        ## Show a spinner for activity progress
        pid=$! # Process Id of the previous running command
        spin='-\|/'
        i=0
        while kill -0 $pid 2>/dev/null
        do
            i=$(( (i+1) %4 ))
            printf "\r${spin:$i:1}"
            sleep .1
        done
        printf "\r"
        echo "    2. Install Prerequisite Packages..."
        sleep 2s
        sudo apt install curl wget git -y >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        if [[ "$ISACT" != "active" ]]; then
            echo "    3. Installing Docker-CE (Community Edition)..."
            sleep 2s
            curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | sh >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            echo "      - docker-ce version is now:"
            DOCKERV=$(docker -v)
            echo "          "${DOCKERV}
            sleep 3s
            if [[ "$OS" == 2 ]]; then
                echo "    5. Starting Docker Service"
                sudo systemctl start docker >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            fi
        fi
    fi
#######################################################
###              Install for CentOS 7 or 8          ###
#######################################################
    if [[ "$OS" == "1" ]]; then
        if [[ "$DOCK" == [yY] ]]; then
            echo "    1. Updating System Packages..."
            sudo yum check-update > ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            echo "    2. Installing Prerequisite Packages..."
            sudo dnf install git curl wget -y >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            if [[ "$ISACT" != "active" ]]; then
                echo "    3. Installing Docker-CE (Community Edition)..."
                sleep 2s
                (curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh) >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
                echo "    4. Starting the Docker Service..."
                sleep 2s
                sudo systemctl start docker >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
                echo "    5. Enabling the Docker Service..."
                sleep 2s
                sudo systemctl enable docker >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
                echo "      - docker version is now:"
                DOCKERV=$(docker -v)
                echo "        "${DOCKERV}
                sleep 3s
            fi
        fi
    fi
#######################################################
###               Install for Arch Linux            ###
#######################################################
    if [[ "$OS" == "5" ]]; then
        read -rp "Do you want to install system updates prior to installing Docker-CE? (y/n): " UPDARCH
        if [[ "$UPDARCH" == [yY] ]]; then
            echo "    1. Installing System Updates... this may take a while...be patient."
            (sudo pacman -Syu --noconfirm) > ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1 &
            ## Show a spinner for activity progress
            pid=$! # Process Id of the previous running command
            spin='-\|/'
            i=0
            while kill -0 $pid 2>/dev/null
            do
                i=$(( (i+1) %4 ))
                printf "\r${spin:$i:1}"
                sleep .1
            done
            printf "\r"
        else
            echo "    1. Skipping system update..."
            sleep 2s
        fi
        echo "    2. Installing Prerequisite Packages..."
        sudo pacman -Sy git curl wget --noconfirm >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        if [[ "$ISACT" != "active" ]]; then
            echo "    3. Installing Docker-CE (Community Edition)..."
            sleep 2s
            sudo pacman -Sy docker --noconfirm >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            echo "    - docker-ce version is now:"
            DOCKERV=$(docker -v)
            echo "        "${DOCKERV}
            sleep 3s
        fi
    fi
#######################################################
###               Install for Open Suse             ###
#######################################################
    if [[ "$OS" == "6" ]]; then
        # install system updates first
        read -rp "Do you want to install system updates prior to installing Docker-CE? (y/n): " UPDSUSE
        if [[ "$UPDSUSE" == [yY] ]]; then
            echo "    1. Installing System Updates... this may take a while...be patient."
            (sudo zypper -n update) > docker-script-install.log 2>&1 &
            ## Show a spinner for activity progress
            pid=$! # Process Id of the previous running command
            spin='-\|/'
            i=0
            while kill -0 $pid 2>/dev/null
            do
                i=$(( (i+1) %4 ))
                printf "\r${spin:$i:1}"
                sleep .1
            done
            printf "\r"
        else
            echo "    1. Skipping system update..."
            sleep 2s
        fi
        echo "    2. Installing Prerequisite Packages..."
        sudo zypper -n install git curl wget >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        if [[ "$ISACT" != "active" ]]; then
            echo "    3. Installing Docker-CE (Community Edition)..."
            sleep 2s
            sudo zypper -n install docker-compose >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            sudo zypper -n remove docker-compose
            echo "Giving the Docker service time to start..."
            sudo systemctl start docker >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            sleep 5s &
            pid=$! # Process Id of the previous running command
            spin='-\|/'
            i=0
            while kill -0 $pid 2>/dev/null
            do
                i=$(( (i+1) %4 ))
                printf "\r${spin:$i:1}"
                sleep .1
            done
            printf "\r"
            sudo systemctl enable docker >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            echo "    - docker-ce version is now:"
            DOCKERV=$(docker -v)
            echo "        "${DOCKERV}
            sleep 3s
        fi
    fi
    if [[ "$ISACT" != "active" ]]; then
        if [[ "$DOCK" == [yY] ]]; then
            # add current user to docker group so sudo isn't needed
            echo ""
            echo "  - Attempting to add the currently logged in user to the docker group..."
            sleep 2s
            sudo usermod -aG docker "${USER}" >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            echo "  - You'll need to log out and back in to finalize the addition of your user to the docker group."
            echo ""
            echo ""
            sleep 3s
        fi
    fi
    if [[ "$DCOMP" = [yY] ]]; then
        echo "############################################"
        echo "######     Install Docker-Compose     ######"
        echo "############################################"
        # install docker-compose
        echo ""
        echo "    1. Installing Docker-Compose..."
        echo ""
        echo ""
        sleep 2s
        ######################################
        ###     Install Raspbian / Arm64   ###
        ######################################
        if [[ "$OS" == "7" ]]; then
            echo "    1. Installing dependencies..."
            (sudo apt-get install -y libffi-dev libssl-dev python3-dev python3 python3-pip) >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            # Show our spinner
            pid=$   # Process ID of the previous running command
            spin='-\|/'
            i=0
            while kill -0 $pid 2>/dev/null
            do
                i=$(( (i+1) %4 ))
                printf "\r${spin:$i:1}"
                sleep .25
            done
            printf "\r"
            (sudo pip3 install docker-compose) >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            # Show the spinner again...
            pid=$   # Process ID of the previous running command
            spin='-\|/'
            i=0
            while kill -0 $pid 2>/dev/null
            do
                i=$(( (i+1) %4 ))
                printf "\r${spin:$i:1}"
                sleep .25
            done
            printf "\r"
        fi
        ######################################
        ###     Install Debian / Ubuntu    ###
        ######################################        
        if [[ "$OS" == "2" || "$OS" == "3" || "$OS" == "4" ]]; then
            VERSION=$(curl --silent https://api.github.com/repos/docker/compose/releases/latest | grep -Po '"tag_name": "\K.*\d')
            sudo curl -SL https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/$VERSION/docker-compose-linux-x86_64 -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
            #sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/$(curl https://github.com/docker/compose/releases | grep -m1 '<a href="/docker/compose/releases/download/' | grep -o 'v[0-9:].[0-9].[0-9]')/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
            sleep 2
            sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
        fi
        ######################################
        ###        Install CentOS 7 or 8   ###
        ######################################
        if [[ "$OS" == "1" ]]; then
            VERSION=$(curl --silent https://api.github.com/repos/docker/compose/releases/latest | grep -Po '"tag_name": "\K.*\d')
            sudo curl -SL https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/$VERSION/docker-compose-linux-x86_64 -o /usr/bin/docker-compose >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/docker-compose >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        fi
        ######################################
        ###        Install Arch Linux      ###
        ######################################
        if [[ "$OS" == "5" ]]; then
            sudo pacman -Sy docker-compose --noconfirm > ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        fi
        ######################################
        ###        Install Open Suse       ###
        ######################################
        if [[ "$OS" == "6" ]]; then
            VERSION=$(curl --silent https://api.github.com/repos/docker/compose/releases/latest | grep -Po '"tag_name": "\K.*\d')
            sudo curl -SL https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/$VERSION/docker-compose-linux-x86_64 -o /usr/bin/docker-compose >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/docker-compose >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        fi
        echo ""
        echo "      - Docker Compose Version is now: " 
        DOCKCOMPV=$(docker-compose --version)
        echo "        "${DOCKCOMPV}
        echo ""
        echo ""
        sleep 3s
    fi
    ##########################################
    #### Test if Docker Service is Running ###
    ##########################################
    ISACT=$( (sudo systemctl is-active docker ) 2>&1 )
    if [[ "$ISACt" != "active" ]]; then
        echo "Giving the Docker service time to start..."
        while [[ "$ISACT" != "active" ]] && [[ $X -le 10 ]]; do
            sudo systemctl start docker >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
            sleep 10s &
            pid=$! # Process Id of the previous running command
            spin='-\|/'
            i=0
            while kill -0 $pid 2>/dev/null
            do
                i=$(( (i+1) %4 ))
                printf "\r${spin:$i:1}"
                sleep .1
            done
            printf "\r"
            ISACT=`sudo systemctl is-active docker`
            let X=X+1
            echo "$X"
        done
    fi
    echo "################################################"
    echo "######      Creating a Docker Network    #######"
    echo "################################################"
    sudo docker network create my-main-net
    sleep 2s
    # move to home directory of user
    cd
    if [[ "$NPM" == [yY] ]]; then
        echo "##########################################"
        echo "###     Install NGinX Proxy Manager    ###"
        echo "##########################################"
        # pull an nginx proxy manager docker-compose file from github
        echo "    1. Pulling a default NGinX Proxy Manager docker-compose.yml file."
        mkdir -p docker/nginx-proxy-manager
        cd docker/nginx-proxy-manager
        curl https://gitlab.com/bmcgonag/docker_installs/-/raw/main/docker_compose.nginx_proxy_manager.yml -o docker-compose.yml >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        echo "    2. Running the docker-compose.yml to install and start NGinX Proxy Manager"
        echo ""
        echo ""
        if [[ "$OS" == "1" ]]; then
          docker-compose up -d
        else
          sudo docker-compose up -d
        fi
        echo "    3. You can find NGinX Proxy Manager files at ./docker/nginx-proxy-manager"
        echo ""
        echo "    Navigate to your server hostname / IP address on port 81 to setup"
        echo "    NGinX Proxy Manager admin account."
        echo ""
        echo "    The default login credentials for NGinX Proxy Manager are:"
        echo "        username: admin@example.com"
        echo "        password: changeme"
        echo ""       
        sleep 3s
        cd
    fi
    if [[ "$PORT" == "1" ]]; then
        echo "########################################"
        echo "###      Installing Portainer-CE     ###"
        echo "########################################"
        echo ""
        echo "    1. Preparing to Install Portainer-CE"
        echo ""
        echo "    2. Creating the folder structure for Portainer."
        echo "    3. You can find Portainer-CE files in ./docker/portainer"
        #sudo docker volume create portainer_data >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        mkdir -p docker/portainer/portainer_data
        cd docker/portainer
        curl https://gitlab.com/bmcgonag/docker_installs/-/raw/main/docker_compose_portainer_ce.yml -o docker-compose.yml >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        echo ""
        if [[ "$OS" == "1" ]]; then
          docker-compose up -d
        else
          sudo docker-compose up -d
        fi
        echo ""
        echo "    Navigate to your server hostname / IP address on port 9000 and create your admin account for Portainer-CE"
        echo ""
        echo ""
        echo ""
        sleep 3s
        cd
    fi
    if [[ "$PORT" == "2" ]]; then
        echo "###########################################"
        echo "###      Installing Portainer Agent     ###"
        echo "###########################################"
        echo ""
        echo "    1. Preparing to install Portainer Agent"
        echo "    2. Creating the folder structure for Portainer."
        echo "    3. You can find Portainer-Agent files in ./docker/portainer"
        sudo docker volume create portainer_data
        mkdir -p docker/portainer
        cd docker/portainer
        curl https://gitlab.com/bmcgonag/docker_installs/-/raw/main/docker_compose_portainer_ce_agent.yml -o docker-compose.yml >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        echo ""
        if [[ "$OS" == "1" ]]; then
          docker-compose up -d
        else
          sudo docker-compose up -d
        fi
        echo ""
        echo "    From Portainer or Portainer-CE add this Agent instance via the 'Endpoints' option in the left menu."
        echo "       ####     Use the IP address of this server and port 9001"
        echo ""
        echo ""
        echo ""
        sleep 3s
        cd
    fi
    if [[ "$NAVID" == [yY] ]]; then
        echo "###########################################"
        echo "###        Installing Navidrome         ###"
        echo "###########################################"
        echo ""
        echo "    1. Preparing to install Navidrome"
        mkdir -p docker/navidrome
        cd docker/navidrome
        curl https://gitlab.com/bmcgonag/docker_installs/-/raw/main/docker_compose_navidrome.yml -o docker-compose.yml >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        echo "    2. Running the docker-compose.yml to install and start Navidrome"
        echo ""
        echo ""
        if [[ "$OS" == "1" ]]; then
          docker-compose up -d
        else
          sudo docker-compose up -d
        fi
        echo "    3. You can find your Navidrome files in ./docker/navidrome"
        echo ""
        echo "    Navigate to your server hostname / IP address on port 4533 to setup"
        echo "    your new Navidrome admin account."
        echo ""      
        sleep 3s
        cd
    fi
    if [[ "$REMOTELY" == [yY] ]]; then
        echo "##########################################"
        echo "###          Install Remotely          ###"
        echo "##########################################"
        # pull a remotely docker-compose file from gitlab
        echo "    1. Pulling a default Remotely docker-compose.yml file."
        mkdir -p docker/remotely
        cd docker/remotely
        curl https://gitlab.com/bmcgonag/docker_installs/-/raw/main/docker_compose_remotely.yml -o docker-compose.yml >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        echo ""
        echo ""
        echo "    2. Running the docker-compose.yml to pull and start Remotely..."
        echo ""
        if [[ "$OS" == "1" ]]; then
          docker-compose up -d
        else
          sudo docker-compose up -d
        fi
        echo "    3. You can find the Remotely folder at ~/docker/remotely..."
        echo ""
        echo "      Navigate to your server hostname / IP address on port 8188 to setup"
        echo "      your new Remotely installation."
        echo ""
        echo "      You will likely want to create a reverse proxy entry in NGinX Proxy Manager"
        echo "      for your new Remotely server.  If so, also make sure to set the"
        echo "      'Require https' option in the Remotely Settings."
        echo ""
        echo ""
        sleep 3s
        cd
    fi
    if [[ "$GUAC" == [yY] ]]; then
        echo "##########################################"
        echo "###         Installing Guacamole       ###"
        echo "##########################################"
        # pull a guacamole docker-compose file from gitlab
        echo "    1. Pulling a default Guacamole docker-compose.yml file."
        mkdir -p docker/guacamole
        cd docker/guacamole
        curl https://gitlab.com/bmcgonag/docker_installs/-/raw/main/docker_compose_guacamole.yml -o docker-compose.yml >> ~/docker-script-install.log 2>&1
        echo ""
        echo ""
        echo "    2. Running the docker-compose.yml to pull and start Guacamole..."
        echo ""
        if [[ "$OS" == "1" ]]; then
          docker-compose up -d
        else
          sudo docker-compose up -d
        fi
        echo "    3. You can find the Guacamole folder at ~/docker/guacamole..."
        echo ""
        echo "      You can now navigate in your browser to yoru server IP at"
        echo "      port number 8080 to reach the Guacamole login page."
        echo ""
        echo "      Use the default credentials to loging the first time:"
        echo "          username: guacadmin"
        echo "          password: guacadmin"
        echo ""
        echo "      It is highly recommended that you create a new admin user, and"
        echo "      delete / disable the default user."
        echo ""
        echo ""
        sleep 3s
        cd
    fi
    echo "All docker applications have been added to the docker network my-main-net"
    echo ""
    echo "If you add more docker applications to this server, make sure to add them to the my-main-net network."
    echo "You can then use them by container name in NGinX Proxy Manager if so desired."
    exit 1
}
echo ""
echo ""
clear
echo ""
echo ""
echo "Let's figure out which OS / Distro you are running."
echo ""
echo ""
echo "    From some basic information on your system, you appear to be running: "
echo "        --  OS Name        " $(lsb_release -i)
echo "        --  Description        " $(lsb_release -d)
echo "        --  OS Version        " $(lsb_release -r)
echo "        --  Code Name        " $(lsb_release -c)
echo ""
echo "------------------------------------------------------"
echo ""
PS3="Please select the number for your OS / distro: "
select _ in \
    "CentOS 7 / 8 / Fedora" \
    "Debian 10 / 11" \
    "Ubuntu 18.04" \
    "Ubuntu 20.04 / 21.04 / 22.04+" \
    "Arch Linux" \
    "Open Suse"\
    "Arm64 / Raspbian"\
    "End this Installer"
do
  case $REPLY in
    1) installApps ;;
    2) installApps ;;
    3) installApps ;;
    4) installApps ;;
    5) installApps ;;
    6) installApps ;;
    7) installApps ;;
    8) exit ;;
    *) echo "Invalid selection, please try again..." ;;
  esac
done

scp command cheat sheet

Friday, 10 November 2023

Usage

scp <options> source_path destination_path

Commands

Copying a file to the remote system using scp command

scp file user@host:/path/to/file

Copying a file from the remote system using scp command

scp user@host:/path/to/file /local/path/to/file

Copying multiple files using scp command

scp file1 file2 user@host:/path/to/directory

Copying an entire directory with scp command

scp -r /path/to/directory user@host:/path/to/directory

Conditions

-r      # transfer directory 
-v      # see the transfer details
-C      # copy files with compression
-l 800  # limit bandwith with 800
-p      # preserving the original attributes of the copied files
-P      # connection port
-q      # hidden the output</pre>

PowerShell script to create folders for every month

Thursday, 9 November 2023

PowerShell script to create folders for every month

$start = Get-Date "01/01/2023"
$end = Get-Date "12/31/2023"
$current = $start
$counter = 1

while ($current -le $end) {
  $month = $counter.ToString("00") , $current.ToString("MMMM")
  New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path ".\$month"
  $current = $current.AddMonths(1)
  $counter++
}

SSH Management

Wednesday, 8 November 2023

Generate ssh keys with strong crypto type (ed25519) and comment

ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "Your comment here"
# add a passphrase for added security
# name the ssh file the server it will be used in
~/.ssh/keyname

Copy generated ssh public key to the host server it will be used on

ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/keyname.pub username@hostserver

Use the ssh private key to connect to the host server

ssh -i ~/.ssh/keyname username@hostserver

MYSQL or MariaDB Database backup & Restore

Tuesday, 7 November 2023

Copying and importing a database

Copying the database

mysqldump -u database-user -p database-name  | gzip &gt; /yourFolderLocation/`date "+%F"`.sql.gz

Increase the max allowed packet size

mysqldump -u root -p --quick --compress --max-allowed-packet=256m --skip-lock-tables database-name | gzip &gt; /yourFolderLocation/`date "+%F"`.sql.gz

Importing the database

zcat /yourFolderLocation/database-name.sql.gz | mysql -u 'database user' -p database-name

This script uses the PASSWORD_DEFAULT algorithm for hashing, which is currently BCRYPT, and may change over time as new and stronger algorithms are added to PHP. If you want to use a specific algorithm, you can replace PASSWORD_DEFAULT with PASSWORD_BCRYPT, PASSWORD_ARGON2I, or PASSWORD_ARGON2ID depending on your PHP version.

Please note that this script assumes that each line in your text file contains one piece of data to be hashed. If your data is structured differently, you may need to adjust the script accordingly.

Also, remember to handle your hashed passwords securely and responsibly! 😊

<?php
// Specify the file to read from and the file to write to
$inputFile = 'data.txt';
$outputFile = 'hashed_data.txt';

// Check if the input file exists
if (!file_exists($inputFile)) {
    die("The file $inputFile does not exist");
}

// Open the input file for reading and the output file for writing
$inputHandle = fopen($inputFile, 'r');
$outputHandle = fopen($outputFile, 'w');

if ($inputHandle && $outputHandle) {
    while (($line = fgets($inputHandle)) !== false) {
        // Remove newline characters
        $line = trim($line);

        // Hash the line using password_hash and write it to the output file
        $hashedLine = password_hash($line, PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
        fwrite($outputHandle, $hashedLine . "\n");
    }

    // Close the file handles
    fclose($inputHandle);
    fclose($outputHandle);

    echo "Pass: Hashing completed successfully";
} else {
    echo "Fail: Error opening files";
}
?>

GitLab Stack

Saturday, 4 November 2023

Host your own GitLab instance with docker

docker run --detach \
--hostname yourdomain.com \
--publish 6443:443 --publish 6080:80 --publish 22332:22 \
--name gitlab \
--restart always \
--volume /docker/gitlab/config:/etc/gitlab \
--volume /docker/gitlab/logs:/var/log/gitlab \
--volume /docker/gitlab/data:/var/opt/gitlab \
gitlab/gitlab-ce:latest

Or use docker-compose.yml or portainer stack

version: '3'
services:
 web:
    image: gitlab/gitlab-ce:latest
    container_name: gitlab
    restart: always
    hostname: gitlab
    ports:
        - 2080:80
        - 2443:443
        - 2222:22
    volumes:
        - ./config:/etc/gitlab #Change to your own path here
        - ./logs:/var/log/gitlab
        - ./data:/var/opt/gitlab

Wireguard VPN

Friday, 3 November 2023

How to generate more VPN peers (users)

Go into the wireguard folder

cd /opt/wireguard-server

Change number of peers in the docker-compose.yml file and save

nano docker-compose.yml

version: "2.1"
services:
  wireguard:
    image: linuxserver/wireguard
    container_name: wireguard
    cap_add:
      - NET_ADMIN
      - SYS_MODULE
    environment:
      - PUID=1000
      - PGID=1000
      - TZ=Africa/Kampala
      - SERVERURL=youraddress.com #optional
      - SERVERPORT=51820 #optional
      - PEERS=10 #change this to add more vpn users
      - PEERDNS=auto #optional
      - INTERNAL_SUBNET=10.13.13.0 #optional
    volumes:
      - /docker/wireguard/config:/config #change this to your location
      - /lib/modules:/lib/modules
    ports:
      - 51820:51820/udp
    sysctls:
      - net.ipv4.conf.all.src_valid_mark=1
    restart: unless-stopped

Recreate the wireguard container

docker-compose up -d --force-recreate

To show QR code for any peer, run the command in the wireguard folder

docker exec -it wireguard /app/show-peer 2